Loyalists frequently went underground and covertly offered aid to the British. Colonists fought for the British side in the French and Indian War, as they were British subjects. Answer: Economic factors did influence the decision to become a patriot of loyalist. The main difference between a patriot and a loyalist is that patriots strongly supported and fought to gain independence from the British rule during the American war of Independence whereas loyalists supported the British rule and wanted to remain under British control during the American war of Independence. Free blacks, on the other hand, lived lives similar to those of poor white colonists, and they often chose the Patriot side for similar reasons. from Calvin University M.A. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. But where troops arrived on the doorstep, pressure grew rapidly to take a side and vigorously support it. %%EOF While some found it easy, others struggled to choose. Altogether, the British were estimated to have evacuated nearly 20,000 freedmen (including families) with other Loyalists and their troops at the end of the war. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2008. April 17, 2023 9:55 am ET. Jasanoff, Maya. The Patriots rebelled against the British control, while the Loyalists, also known as "Tories" to the Patriots, remained loyal to the British crown. 11b. William had always done everything with his dad. Providence: Brown University Press, 1965. Why did colonists become Patriots? Colonists and the colonies profit from friendly trading with the British. The most common trait among all loyalists was an innate conservatism coupled with a deep devotion to the mother country and the crown. They also were loyal to the monarchy and had been faithful British citizens for their entire lives. She has a BSEd in English Education. Many Loyalists in the Caribbean relied on slave labor and were hesitant about the possibility of their property being freed. When every article of commerce, every necessary of life, together with our lands, must be heavily taxed, to defray that expense!, Charles Inglis, Anglican Church Minister in New York City,The Costs of Revolution, 1776. from University of Massachusetts-Boston. U.S. products were well made and able to compete internationally, producing quick profits for the new country. The patriots felt that England, by controlling them, was taking away the rights that they were born with, just as masters strip slaves of . Countries poured money into researching alchemy to create gold out of other minerals. Nonetheless, people of all socioeconomic statuses populated both sides of the conflict. For years it was widely believed that . Colonists along the Atlantic seaboard agreed that taxes were a necessary part of the economy. What Happened to Loyalists After the American Revolution? Explain and give reasons why you would have been one or the other. 4. Alexandra has taught students at every age level from pre-school through adult. lack of united feelings about American independence, high literacy rates among the colonies compared with other places in the world, likelihood of men to discuss current events in the eighteenth century, extreme enthusiasm for revolution without regard for the consequences. Accessed 18 Apr. Loyalists, also known as Tories or Royalists, were American colonists who supported the British monarchy during the American Revolutionary War. Frontier warfare during the American Revolution was particularly brutal and numerous atrocities were committed by settlers and native tribes alike. 3L\Pm.-'z`@n%M_K{T3RV'6AUMD' i Colonists who openly proclaimed their loyalty to the Crown were driven from their communities. Aside from Crown officials, who did generally side with what they called . Both driving forces had many golden opportunities to win the American Revolutionary War, but the Loyalists . Many loyalists were appalled at the violent actions of the rebels. What hardships did the colonists face during the Revolutionary War? 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Slaves also contributed to the Loyalist cause, swayed by the promise of freedom following the war. The British actually hesitated to support Dunmores Proclamation because they were aware it alienated planters who might otherwise support the kings cause. The Patriot and Continental Army leader George Washington banned free Blacks from enlisting in his army, so the British used his decision to their advantage. In fact, Lord Dunmores Proclamation was the first mass emancipation of enslaved people in United States history. After five seasons at East Carolina, Holton . Why?. Of course, many people never took a position. Other native communities were divided over which side to support in the war and others wanted to remain neutral. Following the war, both sides often reneged on these promises of freedom. Loyalists vs. Patriots of the American Revolution: Lesson for Kids, The Declaration of Independence | Text, Signers & Legacy, Cornwallis' Surrender at Yorktown Lesson for Kids: Summary & Facts, Loyalists in the Southern Colonies at the End of the Revolutionary War. All rights reserved. Loyalists, Fence-sitters, and Patriots. Historians estimate that between 15 and 20 percent of European-American colonists supported the Crown; some historians estimate that as much as one third of the population was sympathetic to the British, if not vocally. Loyalists had good reason to oppose a push for independence. New England states offered male slaves freedom in return for their military service, although their owners had to agree to allow them to serve. The British recruited slaves belonging to Patriot masters and promised freedom to those who served. Many colonists were confused - both sides seemed right and wrong. Discuss the decision people made to be a Loyalist or a Patriot using social, political, and economic reasons. History shows that he chose poorly. Latest answer posted May 29, 2019 at 11:21:48 AM. The American colonies had done very well economically as part of the British Empire. Loyalists were most numerous in the South, New York, and Pennsylvania, but they did not constitute a majority in any colony. As citizens, they were inspired by Enlightenment ideals and the new language of liberty. Quakers,Mennonites, and other pacifists (people opposed to all war) were neutrals and had their patriotism questioned as a result. At the start of the Revolution, Americans faced an important decision: would they side with the Patriots, or would they remain loyal to Great Britain? He also reproduces some of their blind spots. 11. Corrections? Although most members of the Iroquois tribes went to Canada with the Loyalists, others tried to stay in New York and western territories to maintain their lands. WriteWork contributors. Essay by The British made peace with the Americans in the Treaty of Paris (1783), through which they ceded vast American Indian territories to the United States without informing or consulting with the American Indians. Ultimately, Americans remained Loyalists or joined the Patriot cause based on which side they thought would best promote their interests. WriteWork.com, 02 March, 2008. The loyalist fighters aroused a vengeful hatred among the patriots (as the American Revolutionaries called themselves), and when taken in battle they were treated as traitors. Estimates of the number of Loyalists range as high as . Thousands left the country after the war, including Native Americans and freed slaves. Many former slaves who were promised freedom in exchange for their service in the Continental Army, however, were eventually returned to slavery. Paul Revere Lesson for Kids: Facts & Biography, Battle of Bunker Hill Lesson for Kids: Facts & Summary. hmO8_H+$.Gy.=/AAmfircv5A-Q.1&Q"%3FbpDiD3WI5pUQ They also believed that they were better taken care of under British rule. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Patriots, as they came to be known, were members of the 13 British colonies who rebelled against British control during the American Revolution, supporting instead the U.S. Continental Congress. A total of 12,000 African Americans served with the British from 1775 to 1783. Prominent merchants in port cities and men with business or family ties to the elite class in Great Britain tended to remain loyal to the Crown, whereas Patriots were comprised largely of yeoman farmers. One man's story might help you understand. Most Loyalists identified as pacifists and were morally unable to choose a side, owing to their religious beliefs. Enslaved Africans and African Americans usually chose to support the British cause. Women began creating clothes at home to boycott the British influx of goods. African American slaves and much of the Mohawk Nation joined the Loyalist migration north and northeast. Option: Students can share their reasons out loud or share with a partner. Although some Canadians took up arms in support of the Patriots, the majority remained loyal to the King. In 1775, the last royal governor of Virginia, Lord Dunmore, issued a proclamation offering male slaves their freedom in return for taking up arms to defend the kings cause. hbbd```b``[dds, XMin``\ In addition, many Loyalists ended up moving to Canada after the war. 2. Loyalists tended to be older colonists, or those with strong ties to England, such as recent immigrants. Voltaire was right on target when he said that there are truths that are not for all men, nor for all times. Well-educated doctors, lawyers, and newspaper publishers all could be found on both sides. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. Native Americans and enslaved Black Americans tended to support the Loyalists due to the Proclamation Line of 1763 and the promise of freedom for enlisted Black soldiers after the war. The choice was complex. Loyalism was particularly strong in the Province of Quebec. During the American Revolution, colonists like Benjamin Franklin who supported republicanism and eventually, independence, came to be known as Patriots. That varied according to each state's militia. New England had fewer loyalists than any other section. In a dangerous, hostile world, it makes sense to have protection, and the British were certainly more than capable of providing that. Updates? Whitneyp8604 Whitneyp8604 11/02/2021 Social Studies Middle School answered Which of the following post-war developments ensured a continuation of the sentiments provided? Brewminate: A Bold Blend of News and Ideas, Curated/Reviewed by Matthew A. McIntoshPublic HistorianBrewminate. Create your account. Independence, by making peace treaties during the Revolutionary War, and by establishing the military forces, showed the world that the United States independence, not a true revolution. The American Revolution (1765-1791 time period, with official war dates between 1775 and 1783) made colonists choose sides between groups called Loyalists or Patriots. The Patriots rebelled against the British control, while the Loyalists, also known as "Tories" to the Patriots, remained loyal to the British crown. New York was their stronghold and had more than any other colony. Brown, Wallace. About 12,000 black loyalists aided the British in the hopes of achieving freedom. In fact, one member of the Constitutional Convention, William Johnson of Connecticut, had been a loyalist. - 25344772. But a divided household (when a patriot woman's husband was a loyalist) was legal grounds for divorce. loyalist, also called Tory, colonist loyal to Great Britain during the American Revolution. $= The Loyalists maintained these beliefs throughout the Revolution and remained loyal to the British government. Patriots usually had strong economic ties to Great Britain and were hesitant to risk their livelihoods by joining the cause. Slaves also contributed to the Loyalist cause, swayed by the promise of freedom following the war. The Patriots had many benefits and they knew how to take advantage of them as well. The Bill of Rights Institute teaches civics. Noncombatants suffered greatly during the war. The American Revolution was many thingsa tax revolt, an international debate over good government and consent, and a revolution in pursuit of sovereignty. There were people from every social and economic class on both sides and in the middle, but there were demographic trends. After all, as both the British and their colonists shared a similar outlook, it really ought to have been possible to reach an accommodation instead of declaring independence unilaterally. During the war, British strategy relied heavily upon the misguided belief that the Loyalist community could be mobilized into Loyalist regiments. Being a patriot is "a word that addresses identity," Sokolowski, of Merriam-Webster, said. There was not unanimous support among members of the 13 colonies for the Patriot Siege of Boston (April 19, 1775March 17, 1776). Reasons to be a Loyalist SCROLL DOWN FOR MORe Hello fellow colonists my name is iris higglebottom I'm sure you are all wondering what is happening. At least 5,000 black soldiers fought for the Revolutionary cause. It was a great risk to stake out a position, and the truth is most humans usually try to take the safe course. Although the British had the worlds best equipped and the most disciplined army, they were not as well prepared to fight compared to the Patriots army, which might have been a key factor in the British losing the war. As a young man, the two were business partners. Adherence to religious freedom was respected to such a degree that religious affiliation with the Anglican Church did not matter to the colonists. Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. I am going to assume that the question is asking for reasons to be a British Loyalist during the Revolutionary War time period in United States history. How did the American Revolution function as a civil war? WriteWork has over 100,000 sample papers", "I turned what i thought was a C+ paper into an A-". This was a line set by the British after the French and Indian War, marking where colonists could not settle. Web. Congress recommended repressive measures against the loyalists, and all states passed severe laws against them, usually forbidding them from holding office, disenfranchising them, and confiscating or heavily taxing their property. What was the impact of the Revolutionary War on African Americans, women, and Native Americans? 4. But if they went their separate way, then America's prosperity could be seriously jeopardized. If they chose to rebel and then lost the fight, they would have been severely punished, so it made some sense to remain loyal. In September 1776, loyalists flocked to New York after the British defeated George Washington and took control of Manhattan. You get to celebrate and enjoy the fruits of that victory. In occupied New York City, artisans were under pressure to choose the Loyalist cause to keep working in the city. Second Continental Congress | Overview, History & Accomplishments. (pq RK6p# 7tq K&&J( ^m8VWXqt*Q2dN^{xlZLcu^_ =:>'anup`fzf/1F[rNaL)NQ6|)N2JE[^\CK'd> d=)QHG:Sw$U>4E%8S='|vn]&lfVV\9OH/Z`T|[GG)tzXA3S4:>~O??qF)WarS95RPM xKp ln2!BlHIsN;8 Why Did That Strategy Ultimately Fail? British manufactured goods continued to flood the market and fare better than U.S. products for decades after the conflict. The expedition failed to have the desired effect, as American Indian activity became even more determined. The Constitution of the United States | Articles, Preamble & Amendments, Middle School US History: Help and Review, Middle School US History: Tutoring Solution, Praxis World & U.S. History - Content Knowledge (5941): Practice & Study Guide, History 106: The Civil War and Reconstruction, NY Regents Exam - US History and Government: Test Prep & Practice, High School US History: Homework Help Resource, High School US History: Tutoring Solution, NY Regents Exam - US History and Government: Help and Review, NY Regents Exam - US History and Government: Tutoring Solution, Middle School US History: Homework Help Resource, SAT Subject Test US History: Tutoring Solution, Create an account to start this course today. Loyalists who remained in the colonies during the war found their property vandalized, looted, and burned. U.S. merchants were able to trade with all countries, allowing them to quickly pay off their debts. Other neutral colonists definitely had an opinion about the war but were too scared to announce it publicly. They had the advantage of fighting on their own grounds and also had a vast militia to cover their whole territory. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. 2023. Who are the experts?Our certified Educators are real professors, teachers, and scholars who use their academic expertise to tackle your toughest questions. Colonists in New York, New Jersey, and parts of North and South Carolina were ambivalent about the revolution. Log in here. George Washington issued an order to recruiters in July 1775, ordering them not to enroll any deserter from the Ministerial army, nor any stroller, negro or vagabond. This order, however, was eventually reneged when manpower shortages forced the Continental Army to diversify their ranks. Others were determined to remain neutral, even as that became harder in the midst of a civil war. Loyalists were unwilling to support the Church of England because it conflicted with their views on liberty, resulting in a decline of Anglicanism in the colonies. Married women generally chose the same side as their husbands. Their army is bigger, is better trained, has access to more weaponry, and has a full fledged navy capable of shutting down shipping and supply lines. 271 0 obj <> endobj They also thought a goverment run by Patriots would be worse than the King. As the war continued, many southern enslaved people escaped from their plantations and joined Loyalist troops. What best describes the Loyalists before and during the American Revolution? They did experiments together. So were intellectuals with a strong belief in the Enlightenment. In many ways, Dunmores Proclamation was the product of a truly desperate royal official who used it as a last-gasp way to raise troops and cause chaos. Copyright 2021 Some Rights Reserved (See Terms of Service), Patriots and Loyalists: Differing Opinions and Sides in the American Revolution, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on Skype (Opens in new window), Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, The Venetian News Network in the Early Sixteenth Century, The FTC Has No Business Probing Journalist Interactions with Twitter, Benjamin Franklin, the Press, and the Pamphlet War of 1764, Publishing Lies with Impunity: Anyone Can Claim to Be a Journalist, How the Mexican-American War Gave Birth to a News-Gathering Institution in the 19th Century. Bibliography Beard, Charles A. Those men who chose to continue supporting the king, like William Franklin, were called Loyalists, or Tories. Important events leading to the American Revolution include: To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Historians have not found any connection between educational level, occupation, position in society, or economic status and the choice to be a Patriot or a Loyalist. Patriots were those who believed in independence for the American colonists and/or freedom from oppression. Why did the Thirteen Colonies declare independence? When the Loyalist cause was defeated, however, many Loyalists fled to Britain, Canada, Nova Scotia, and other parts of the British Empire. Start your 48-hour free trial to get access to more than 30,000 additional guides and more than 350,000 Homework Help questions answered by our experts. 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Neutrals and had more than any other colony golden opportunities to win the American Revolution include: to unlock Lesson. Colonists and the crown, marking where colonists could not settle British Empire | Overview, history, and reasons! Any book or any question who believed in independence for the American Revolution, colonists like Franklin!