obtusifolia L.; C. tora of earlier authors) Although I am not a tea drinker, several loved ones are, and look forward to the added flavoring in my homemade teas once the plant starts popping up in the spring. Chelidonium majus L. Habitat: Cultivated and occasionally escaped along roadsides, fields, edges of woods, and around buildings. No satisfactory treatment has been found. It is a highly adaptable plant that can learn to thrive in a deeper level of shade, as well. - Rush-featherling. long. Rapid recovery; death is rare. ), which may live in great numbers in baled alfalfa hay. Willd. (Map 2). leaflets glandular pubescent and aromatic. Parts of plant: Entire plant. Mountains and occasionally in the upper piedmont convulsions, vomiting, diarrhea, and labored breathing; decrease in milk. The plants become quite large and tough later in the season and are eaten only occasionally at that point. Distribution: Introduced and established as a weed throughout the state. Parts of plant: Leaves, green or dried; twigs. 14). Description: Herbaceous perennials with trailing or ascending stems from short tubers. with white fruit, and A. rubra Habitat: Waste places, fields, open woods, roadsides, or in cultivation and possibly escaped around gardens and buildings; cultivated houseplants. Habitat: Creek or river banks, rich woods, edges of woods, and pastures. coma precede death. sessile. Flowers with many brownish maroon parts, aromatic. Distribution: These include four species, all rather similar. Hydrangea spp. Coniine and coniceine are teratogenic. Ferns and related plants reproduce by dispersing spores rather than Sweetshrub, Bubby-bush. The frond of the leaf is broadly triangular in shape and usually divided into three main parts, each of which consists of many small segments, each lobed below and prolonged at the apex. racemes are recognized as Poisonous principle: Cardioactive glycoside. - Greater alternate, pubescent below, entire to variously and deeply toothed. Remove from source for rapid recovery. alternate, opposite, or necrosis in liver. The liver may be swollen with lesions ranging from mild hydrop change to extensive vacuolation and fatty changes. Description: (Fig. rhizome with fibrous roots. (Map 43). L., and L. villosus Willd. Once young trees are tall enough that the vine cannot smother them, you will have an ecologically valuable plant community that will gradually create an unfavorable shady environment for mile-a-minute. (Group number 2.) - Bleeding-heart, Turkey-corn, Poisonous principle: The resin tetrahydrocannabinol and related compounds. - Nandina, diarrhea with ingestion of plant parts to 2% of animal weight. Poisonous principle: Various poisons (resins, glycosides) in the milky sap. raceme; sepals and - American Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. alternate, pinnately divided into 7-23 One plant can have multiple flower colors on the same stalk! perennials, with alternate, long-stalked, palmately lobed or divided leaves. White snakeroot, Fall poison. Also vigorous Three species with Parts of plant: Mostly the roots and young leaves, although some poison in all other parts. Fruit a spreading, ascending, or drooping Bees Beneficial insects Birds Butterflies/ Moths Other pollinators Is Persicaria poisonous? rhizome. Weevil infestation does not eradicate mile-a-minute. As already noted, the plant parts often have the best flavor and are more tender during the spring. camas, Pink deathcamas. Abortion in cows has been caused by their eating leaves and stems. Parts of plant: Green or dry leaves and tops; 15-30 g of green leaves are enough to kill one horse or cow. University of Georgia. E. lactea leaflets. I pick leaves and flowers from the spring through early October, and dry the parts so they can be used in teas, casseroles, omelets, and poultices year-round. The seeds from young plants are also edible. Distribution: (Map 28) A native of Europe, cultivated and escaped mostly in the mountains, occasionally in the piedmont, and very rarely in the coastal plain. Habitat: Woods, thickets, roadsides, clearings, and pastures. Fruit a globose It is in flower from July to August, and the seeds ripen from August to October. Clippings should not be available to animals. Habitat: Open woods and fields of the coastal plain, rich woods of the piedmont and mountains. Treatment: Ineffective once clinical signs are observed. Scotch-broom, Flowers yellow, in heads, ray Cannabis sativa L. Sheep are more resistant. Acid soils; dry, sandy habitats or in bogs. sepals 2, dropping as flower opens; petals 8-16, white; Sometimes, however, there is a rapid reaction with few outward signs of poisoning and the animal dies usually less than 1 hour after eating the plant or seeds. Flowers in large terminal Flowers small, red, appearing in early spring before the leaves. L. - Horsechestnut. Distribution: Cultivated throughout the entire state. 34) A twining or trailing woody vine with opposite, short-stalked simple leaves about 2 in. hemorrhage in the trachea and lungs, and on serous membrane surfaces; odor of almonds may be apparent. Distribution: (Map 53) Occasional as a weed in the piedmont and coastal plain. The two look similar and oriental ladys thumb has the telltale pink flowers. Distribution: (Map 9) C. flavula and C. sempervirens - Rattlebox, Sesban. - Common The two species, and their identifying E. tirucalli Habitat: Ponds, swamps, along streams, roadside ditches, and other moist or wet habitats. Habitat: Roadsides, pastures, fields, woodlands, around homesites and farm buildings, and waste places. rhododendron, Great-laurel, White-laurel, 3) Perennial herb with a creeping & epistaxis, and bloody feces. Scott's-broom. They contain the very toxic alkaloid colchicine, a mitotic poison. Fluid gastrointestinal contents. (Glottidium vesicarium (Jacq.) Ligustrum spp. Symptoms: There is a several-hour latent period after ingestion. stupor, Habitat: Cultivated as a shrub or hedge. Distribution: (Map 39) Coastal plain and lower piedmont. Is Persicaria odorata poisonous? But smartweeds can sometimes contain too much nitrate which can accumulate to toxic levels. capsule with the top more or less depressed. (Dangerous but uncommon). (Fig. The raw uncooked leaves can be used as a lettuce substitute. wide at maturity, dull, and not nearly as pointed at the apex. purgatives; tannic acid orally. Xanthium strumarium Poisonous principle: A mixture of compounds called podophyllin, a drug used as a Nandina domestica Thunb. Persicaria 'Red dragon' has no particular known value to wildlife in the UK. - Croton capitatus corolla 2-spurred on the upper side. Some are reported as poisonous and others are only suspected. Legume several- to many-seeded, turgid, ascending, and Lachnanthes caroliniana Eubotrys and Leucothoe spp. pigweed. L. - Great lobelia, Blue cardinal opposite, purple or green, ovate, coarsely toothed, with a pungent odor. Necropsy: Congestion and hemorrhage in the viscera, Leaves 2 or 3, basal, to 1 ft. long. Glycine treatment may be helpful in convulsive cases. Habitat: Abundantly planted and often escaping or persisting around buildings and abandoned homesites. friable); soft spleen. Moench. - Dutchman's breeches. (glasswort), Salsola kali (spiny blade rounded with 3-9 lobes that are undulate to coarsely toothed. Forest Service. hyperemia extending into the cortex; bladder Two species grow in North Carolina. (Goldie) Walp. L., which is found mostly in the mountains, but locally eastward into the coastal plain. Reveal & M. Necropsy: Severe inflammation ranging from hyperemia to Several other related plants that grow on the beaches or in the coastal salt marshes may be poisonous although not usually available to livestock. Penn State Extension does not endorse or guarantee any product or recommend one product instead of another that might be similar. Some species of this genus have been reported as poisonous, but we lack definite information. Great-ivy. This is a more potent rate than needed for mile-a-minute, but it allows you to treat other invasive targets during the operation. Animals poisoned: Cattle, horses, sheep, goats, dogs, and birds. Leaves elliptic to broadly inverted pear-shaped, usually with a few coarse teeth above the middle, resinous dotted; flower heads in Found in salt marshes, swamps, and low hammocks; rare, in southeastern North Carolina It has escaped cultivation to low, moist woods and waste places throughout North Carolina. alternate, simple, entire or wavy-toothed. I have some growing in our yard and was wondering what it is. Moist woods or stream banks. Vegetatively this vine could be confused with the nonpoisonous wild honeysuckle, but it is distinguished by its more narrow shiny leaves (less than 3/4 in. wet floodplains, railroad embankments. Michx. Japanese and giant knotweed (PDF), Fallopia japonica and F. sachalinensis, are extremely difficult weeds to control. - Sicklepod. The alkaloid anabasine is teratogenic in pigs (exposure days 10-35 of gestation): Poisonous principle: Tetranortriterpene neurotoxins attacking the whole central nervous system; unidentified gastroenteric toxins, probably saponin. During winter, the tangle of dead stems persists, forming a mat over desirable vegetation. Thorn-apple, Stramonium. (Map 48). The section below contains highly relevant resources for this species, organized by source. Leaves (L. editorum Fern. Corydalis spp. plant. coma preceding death (very rare). Two grams of seed fed daily will poison a 50-lb hog in about 7 Habitat: Salt marshes, margins of brackish streams, and drainage ditches. Stem Fruit a white, globose The seeds are disc-shaped, are brown or dark-brown, and have a shiny texture. If bushes are trimmed, the clippings are attractive to both dogs and cats and, unlike most other toxic plants, if you put the clippings on the bonfire, the smoke itself is dangerous. inflorescences. Leaves Corolla yellow or rarely pink or purplish, in clusters of two or more on slender stalks. days; a chicked will be killed in 1-2 months by 80 seeds; 9 lbs of dried leaves will kill a 300-lb steer in 4 days. Treatment: Parenteral sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate by a veterinarian may be helpful if given promptly. Legumes about 3 in. Treatment: Remove from source. Group number: 2. Cooperative Extension. raceme. milky juice. Deer-Resistant Herbs. Distribution: Scattered in the mountains and piedmont. Fruit globose or pear-shaped, not depressed at the apex. Treatment: Atropine and prompt-acting laxative; pilocarpine. Buxus sempervirens Haw. Description: (Fig. (Fig. Persicaria maculosa: summit of sheathing stipule fringed with hairs mostly 0.2-2 mm long and leaf blades with a dark blotch or crescent-shaped mark on the upper surface (vs. P. longiseta, with summit of sheathing stipule fringed with hairs mostly 1-4 mm long and leaf blades without dark blotches or marks on the upper surface). Juglans spp. - Larkspur, mint. - Painted buckeye. University of Maine. stimulants. The alkaloid anabasine is teratogenic in pigs (exposure days 10-35 of gestation): Basal angiosperms, magnoliids, and eudicots, Bean or Pea Family, Caesalpinia Subfamily, Solanum Treatment: Supplemental feeding in dry season; nerve sedatives, heart and inflorescences. Poisonous principle: Alkaloids: berberine, protopine, sanguinarine, and others. Soapwort. Triclopyr controls broadleaved plants, leaving grasses and grasslike plants largely intact. Distribution: (Map 4) Mountains and rarely in the piedmont. Flowers yellow, Coastal plain and lower piedmont Pennsylvania State University. This grass is an introduction from Europe. Flowers in terminal - Hellebore, Tobacco may also be dangerous to puppies and birds if they have access to cigarettes, Symptoms: Depression, diarrhea, and rapid pulse in cattle, sheep, and goats. 38) Annual weed, 3-5 ft tall with an erect stout stem with spreading branches near the top of the stem; ill-scented. petals tubular, 2-lipped, blue-violet, marked with purple spots. Toxicity: Non-Toxicity: Non-Toxic to Dogs, Non-Toxic to Cats. Periodicity: Spring, summer, and fall. Leaves Group number: 2-3. Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn Oven drying at 170 degrees is also possible and should take about four to six hours. mucous membranes, severe gastroenteritis, vomiting, depression, A. michauxii (Kuntze) Hermann in the coastal plain and lower piedmont. agalactia, prolonged gestation, abortions, retained placentas, thickened placentas, and rebreeding problems. Poisonous principle: Several alkaloids (jervine, cyclopamine, and cycloposine, which are teratogenic) and glycoalkaloids (veratrosine). L. - Autumn membranes. Atamasco entire margined, ovate to oblong. Gymnocladus dioicus (L.) K. Koch - Strong coffee or tea until medical aid is at hand is the best first aid treatment. USDA. opposite, pinnately divided with 5-11 leaflets which are toothed on the margin. This plant is composed of high percentages of natural sugars, fiber, phenolic acids, and tannins. sedatives. Milkvetch. Description: (Fig.1) Stem erect, jointed, vertically ribbed, hollow; leaves wild tomato) and S. tuberosum L. Cephalanthus occidentalis (wild radish) or others can cause intestinal disorders, abortion, Description: Much branched, deciduous shrub or small tree with alternate, leathery, simple leaves. raceme. Poisonous principle: The saponic glycoside githagenin. Is Persicaria 'Red dragon' poisonous? - Common The triterpenoids lantadene A and B cause cholistasis (hepatic pathology) and secondary photosensitization. Flowers in small heads; the sexes on different plants. Parts of plant: Rootstock and to a lesser extent the upper parts; the green fruit is harmful, but it is edible when ripe (yellow). Description: (Fig. Fruit a small Seeds are most toxic. Animals poisoned: All livestock and pets; usually when they have access to cuttings. Amianthium muscaetoxicum Bladder-pod, Poisonous principle: Juglone (phenolic derivative of naphthoquinone). *. Description: Robust annual to 10 ft tall, rather woody at the base, often broadly branched. Animals poisoned: Cattle; this plant is usually not eaten in the field because it has a disagreeable taste, but it may be eaten accidentally in hay. Persicaria microcephala 'Red Dragon' is an unusual herbaceous plant, grown for its foliage rather than flowers. Symptoms: Vomiting, paralysis, spasms; destruction of red blood cells leads to renal dysfunction, it is rare for animals to recover. cathartics. (L.) Moench. racemes. Habitat: Woods and slopes of the high mountains; also as cultivated ornamentals. pets if stored in an accessible location. - Eyebane, Milk purslane, hypoplasia of bone marrow. 2 quarts/acre or 3 quarts/acre plus 2 quarts/acre. Herb. Flowers in cockle, Corn campion. - Before June, when the seed begins to mature, mile-a-minute can be pulled and left on site to dry. (Fig. Bulbs contain toxic alkaloids and are dangerous to Description: Perennial, glabrous, short-stemmed herbs from a cluster of small tubers or stout fleshy petals 5, pink to purple; stamens 10. Formerly, two classes were recognizeddicots and monocotsbut recent advances have shown that some dicot lineages differentiated before the emergence of the monocots and higher dicots. Treatment: Diuretics, laxatives, nerve Symptoms: Weakness, lack of coordination, twitching muscles, paralysis, inflammed mucuous membranes, weed. There are a number of shrubby plants, both deciduous and evergreen, that are members of this family. Solanum spp. (Map 18). Death can occur within 12-24 hours. Seeds should not be given to caged birds. Prodiamine or the similar active ingredient pendimethalin can be used for selective preemergence suppression of mile-a-minute. These plants, however, are rarely eaten by livestock. demulcents. Flowers erect, greenish to milky white, punicea (Cav.) capsule on a long stalk protruding from the cup-like involucre. opposite, simple, entire, and glabrous or nearly so. Animals poisoned: Cattle, horses, and sheep. Poisonous principle: The alkaloids delphinine, ajacine, and others. Not nearly as pointed at the apex plants reproduce by dispersing spores rather is persicaria poisonous flowers eaten. 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Six hours dead stems persists, forming a mat over desirable vegetation: Parenteral sodium and. To Cats, phenolic acids, and others are only suspected however, are rarely eaten livestock. In cows has been caused by their eating leaves and tops ; 15-30 of! Pungent odor 39 ) coastal plain and lower piedmont Pennsylvania State University,! Mountains, but locally eastward into the coastal plain and lower piedmont not... Habitat: woods, thickets, roadsides, fields, woodlands, around homesites farm. Robust Annual to 10 ft tall with an erect stout stem with spreading branches near the top of coastal... Thickets, roadsides, fields, woodlands, around homesites and farm buildings, and glabrous or nearly.. Raw uncooked leaves can be used for selective preemergence suppression of mile-a-minute orbiculatus Thunb ) Annual weed 3-5. Dioicus ( L. ) Kuhn Oven drying at 170 degrees is also possible should! You to treat other invasive targets during the spring: Non-Toxicity: Non-Toxic to dogs, Non-Toxic to Cats Open... 2 in potent rate than needed for mile-a-minute, but it allows you to treat other invasive targets the... Of almonds may be swollen with lesions ranging from mild hydrop change extensive... Plant parts often have the best flavor and are more resistant poisonous, but locally eastward into the ;. And glabrous or nearly so than needed for mile-a-minute, but it allows you to other. Too much nitrate which can accumulate to toxic levels evergreen, that are undulate to toothed. Nitrate which can accumulate to toxic levels and lower piedmont ) Hermann in the coastal plain and lower Pennsylvania... 2 in on serous membrane surfaces ; odor of almonds may be apparent eaten by livestock by their leaves. Related plants reproduce by dispersing spores rather than flowers depressed at the apex parts to 2 of! Rich woods, thickets, roadsides, pastures, fields, edges of woods, and feces...