There are also many popular food products made with liver. It is also known to contain anti-inflammatory properties and to be good for the heart. Medication interactions.Some medications are known to interact with vitamin A. Lecithin is a group of fatty substances that can be found in animal and plant tissue that has a range of functions within the human body. low energy levels, possibly even chronic fatigue. Spleen is not as common as liver and kidney organs, but are commonly sourced from ethnic markets or butchers. It may sound unpleasant, but product manufacturers claim that these pills offer a way to reap the benefits of nutrient-rich organ meats without having to chew your way through a slab of fried. All rights reserved. The spleen is an organ found in all vertebrates. Read on to learn about beef liver, including its health benefits, its risks, and some recipe, Red meat is a good source of protein and iron, though research has linked it to heart disease, certain cancers, and other health conditions. Per 3.5 oz (100-gram) portion, beef tongue provides the following nutritional values (10): In terms of tongues micronutrient profile, it tends to be similar to regular beef. Energy levels are closely related to optimally functioning mitochondria (the cells power plants), and optimal levels of iron to make red blood cells. Despite the vitamin content, culturally in the U.S., organ meats are not considered as important a part of a dietary plan, as traditional muscle meats. Whether or not Bison is better (more nutritious than beef) is debatable but Folsom Point certainly makes a great product. Well, today he's having the Gourmet Beef (@rawperformanced." Inherited disorders of sugar metabolism, such as galactosemia or glycogen storage disease. You can also buy directly from Ancestral Supplements, though youll pay for shipping on any order under $120. Yes, freeze-dried (desiccated) organ meat supplements are both keto and paleo friendly. The symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. thats who I am going to start with. Fewer white blood . Each time your liver is injured whether by excessive alcohol consumption or another cause, such as infection it tries to repair itself. Beef liver. If your doctor finds something suspicious, further blood tests may be necessary. Liver contains plenty of protein, iron, and B vitamins. Compare Beef Liver to Beef, variety meats and by-products, spleen, raw by vitamins and minerals using the only readable nutrition comparison tool. This beef supplement is made with beef from Argentina. Elsevier; 2020. https://www.clinicalkey.com. When shopping for organ meat supplements, there are certain criteria you should take into account (as I explain in detail in my comparison of the best desiccated beef liver supplements). About 2% of American adults have liver disease, and therefore are at risk of developing cirrhosis. Cow tongue, otherwise known as ox tongue, enjoys popularity around the world. Calf liver. Eating large amounts of liver can lead to symptoms of vitamin A toxicity, which happens when your own liver cant process the excess vitamin A quickly enough. Consuming freeze-dried organ meats is generally safe. It kinda looks like it, but not when you look closely. Here are the full nutritious facts: Beef spleen nutrition: 100 grams Cholesterol Beef liver and beef heart are excellent sources of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and other nutrients that can help support your heart. That said, research has shown that dietary cholesterol can significantly increase LDL cholesterol levels in some individuals (17). Some key nutrient differences include: Vitamin B12 - New Zealand beef liver has 43% more than U.S.-raised beef liver. There are a wide variety of blood-based foods, such as blood sausage. One of the most popular is blood sausage, otherwise known as black pudding or blood pudding. ), beef spleen is incredibly nutritious. Tip: Eat "gross" organ meats, Offal: Are organ meats healthy to eat? Beef Spleen Nutritional Data Macronutrients The amount of calories, protein, fat, and carbs are based on 1oz (28g). How Viagra became a new 'tool' for young men, Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction, http://www.lifezette.com/healthzette/health-organ-meats-must-know/, https://www.t-nation.com/diet-fat-loss/tip-eat-gross-organ-meats, http://www.mensfitness.com/nutrition/what-to-eat/7-nutrient-packed-animal-organs, http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2013/12/30/eating-organ-meats.aspx, http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Cholesterol/PreventionTreatmentofHighCholesterol/Know-Your-Fats_UCM_305628_Article.jsp#.WabL2dOGO8U, https://www.boldsky.com/health/nutrition/2015/health-benefits-of-eating-organ-meats/articlecontent-pf78869-066901.html. Vitamin K is also important to maintaining the health of your circulatory system. Elevated homocysteine levels are often caused by low levels of vitamin b9 (folate), vitamin B6 and vitamin B12. Current guidelines recommend limiting our intake of red meat, due to the health risks it poses. Thanks a lot. Clinical and Molecular Hepatology. The latter include phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine, which are good for the nervous system. Codeage Beef Organs is non-GMO and is free of hormones. Having a texture similar to the Liver, the Spleen can add a novel flavor to any dish of which it is a part. However, as with any food, they are by no means necessary for a healthy overall diet. Cooking beef liver also makes it easier to digest and improves the absorption of vitamins and minerals. Also called veal liver, it comes from young cows (under 1 year old). It also offers a large amount of vitamin B12, equal to around 450% of the daily value (15). It is also a great source of vitamins B2, B6, and B12, all three of which are in a group known as B-complex vitamins. Next on my list of recommended organs are heart and spleen, because theyre also rich in micronutrients and contain higher amounts of certain vitamins and minerals than liver. I think the author of the article you linked had several pre-existing conditions that confounded her findings. Yes, but in lower amounts than adults. This MNT, Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. If you do, you can rest assured that youre not exposing yourself to any food-borne pathogens. These are the leading causes of liver disease. On the bright side, Heart & Soil uses glass bottles and metal lids for all of their products. Nutritionally, here are the basic values for a 3.5 oz (100-gram) serving of pork kidney (2): Aside from these nutritional values, kidney tends to be extremely rich in B vitamins and selenium. It cannot be stated which food is richer in vitamins. Liver is indeed a rich source of vitamin A, but unless youre swallowing an entire bottle of liver capsules at a time theres no real risk of ingesting toxic levels of vitamin A.My wife and I take 3-6 grams of freeze-dried liver per day, and I often add fresh liver or liver pt to one of my meals. 7 Nutrient-packed animal organs, The health benefits of consuming organ meats. Ongoing viral hepatitis (hepatitis B, C and D). Of course, Heart & Soil also offers a classic beef organ mix that contains liver, heart, kidney, pancreas and spleen. One serving of beef liver, for example, provides more than 100% of your daily vitamin A requirement. What Is Liverwurst and Is It Good For You? You can also prepare it more simply by frying or pan-searing it., Cod liver.Its claim to fame is as the main ingredient in the dietary supplement cod liver oil. The key difference between spleen and liver is that spleen is a fist-sized internal organ on the upper left side of the abdomen, while liver is a football-sized internal organ on the upper right side of the abdomen. However, this limit was removed from the 2015-2020 guidelines onward due to the lack of clear evidence between dietary cholesterol intake and cardiovascular disease (16). The downside to MK Supplements is our brands small product portfolio. Liver and onions is a popular (and quite traditional) combination. Thyroid It comes from cows that are over a year old. Liver transplantation in adults: Patient selection and pretransplantation evaluation. The same principle applies to toxins filtered out by the kidneys.That means its safe to consume both liver and kidneys, and you can rest assured that you wont ingest any toxins by eating either organ. : Liver diet as a cure for pernicious anemia., : Effects of vitamin A supplementation on immune responses and correlation with clinical outcomes., : Vitamin A and Pregnancy: A Narrative Review., By clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD, Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats. Spleen: High in Iron, Copper, Zinc and B vitamins which can often be low in raw diets. 10 likes, 2 comments - @socoollocal on Instagram: "What's in Argo's bowl?? symptoms of jaundice (including yellowing of the skin) symptoms of anemia ( 4) unexplained weight loss. Contrary to popular belief, cholesterol and saturated fat are now thought to be important for a balanced diet, but they must be consumed in moderation. It's because beef liver is considered red meat. One serving of beef liver, for example, provides more than 100% of your daily . Swelling in the legs, feet or ankles, called edema. Of the colour of liver (dark brown, tinted with red and gray). A peculiar glandlike but ductless organ found near the stomach or intestine of most vertebrates and connected with the vascular system; the milt. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, New Zealand beef liver offers significantly more nutritional value than U.S.-raised beef liver. The source of all the nutrient values on the page (excluding the main article the sources for which are presented separately if present) is the USDA's FoodCentral. If you'd like to support me, please use my links or purchase one of my supplements or branded shirts. What is your view on this? B vitamins found in organ meats have a cardioprotective effect, meaning they protect against heart disease. That is a reassuring reply. Heres a list of the bovine organ supplements that Heart & Soil currently sells: Unfortunately, Heart & Soil isnt available on Amazon. Intestines have been part of human diets for hundreds of years, and they were once a staple food among the poor. As a result, orders from within the European Union wont be subject to import duties and taxes. However, what sets MK Supplements apart is that we offer 45 servings per bottle instead of the 30 servings everyone else offers. Not only that, beef liver is packed with minerals, vitamins, and amazing other benefits that help with gut health. Cooking degrades (or destroys) some of organ meats heat-sensitive nutrients, such as most B vitamins. Nutritionally, a 3.5 oz (100-gram) serving of beef tripe provides (5): Per 100 grams, tripe also offers 58% of the daily value for vitamin B12 and a good amount of the vitamin-like nutrient choline (5). I am just starting out on the organ journey myself! information is beneficial, we may combine your email and website usage information with Getting too much cholesterol can increase your risk of heart disease. Organ meats in your diet: Benefits and risks, Avila, E. (2016, April 20). Beef Liver covers your daily need of Vitamin B12 2361% more than Beef. And because it's milder, spleen can be a "gateway" organ for people who want to learn to enjoy liver and other more intense parts of the animal. Bladder Restore (bladder, kidney and liver), Female Enhancement (reproductive tissue, liver and bone marrow), Male Optimization (testicle, prostate, heart, liver and bone marrow), Organs Mix (liver, heart, kidney, pancreas and spleen). You can learn more about how I make money here. Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "ac1b8d930c6459b64601e479c4ba0fbb" );document.getElementById("b6a9930ef6").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Spleen. Alagille syndrome, a genetic digestive disorder. Buy Ancestral Supplements Grass Fed Beef Organ Supplement, Supports Whole Body Wellness with Proprietary Blend of Liver, Heart, Kidney, Pancreas, Spleen, Freeze-Dried Beef, Non-GMO, 180 Capsules on Amazon.com FREE SHIPPING on qualified orders Vitamin K helps your body process calcium and add it to your bones. Autoimmune hepatitis, which is a liver disease caused by the body's immune system. As of this writing, we only sell two products: The reason I decided to start with those two products is that liver, heart and spleen are the most nutrient-dense organs. Liver noun. Alvarez, M. (2017, May 31). For example, if you have issues with your heart, consider supplementing with freeze-dried heart and spleen a concept known as like supports like.. Yes! (countable, uncountable) This organ, as taken from animals used as food. Data provided by FoodStruct.com should be considered and used as information only. The myth that saturated fat and cholesterol increase your risk of heart disease has long been debunked. Further to this, it supplies significant amounts of many other vitamins and minerals ( 1 ). Note that MK Supplements has fulfillment centers in both the United States and Austria. Theres a widespread belief that eating too much organ meat (and red meat, for that matter) can cause gout, and that people who suffer from gout should reduce their consumption of those foods because they have high levels of purine that can contribute to high blood levels of uric acid.What most people dont know is that over 60% of all uric acid is produced by the body and only about a third stems from the food you eat.Whats important to understand is that most people who suffer from gout have issues eliminating uric acid via the kidneys rather than overproducing it.Additionally, studies have shown that the increased consumption of foods that contain large quantities of purine usually leads to an increase of uric acid excretion. However, looking at each ones nutritional profile, lamb heart appears to be the most nutrient-dense among the available options. Feldman M, et al., eds. Poorly formed bile ducts, a condition known as biliary atresia. My recommendation is to start with beef liver, because liver is the most nutrient-dense food on the planet, containing more than 25 vitamins, minerals and coenzymes. Rich in B vitamins, vitamin A, zinc, iron, chromium, copper and manganese, folic acid. Heart. This serious condition can be caused by many forms of liver diseases and conditions, such as hepatitis or chronic alcoholism. Please consult your physician before beginning any diet. There are many different varieties available such as beef, chicken, lamb, and pork. It is recommended that organ meats should be sourced from a farm that uses organic practices and puts its animals out for pasture. Mayo Clinic. U.S. STD Cases Increased During COVIDs 2nd Year, Have IBD and Insomnia? While Beef Liver has 4968g of Vitamin A RAE, Beef has only 3g. From a dosage perspective, half of the powder in each serving (1,500 mg) is freeze-dried liver, followed by 600 mg of heart, 600 mg of kidney and 300 mg of pancreas. The "coverage" chart below show how much of the daily needs can be covered by 300 grams of the food, Vitamin comparison score is based on the number of vitamins by which one or the other food is richer. Liver is the most nutrient dense organ meat, and it is a powerful source of vitamin A. Vitamin A is beneficial for eye health and for. health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health The Lancet. Vitamin K is also important to maintaining the health of your circulatory system. Friedman SL, et al. Health professionals learn more and more every day about the conditions and diseases that damage our livers. Medications, including methotrexate or isoniazid. A typical liver (left) shows no signs of scarring. It's often described as slightly sweet and without the gamey taste that you might be expecting. This is an antioxidant and can help treat and prevent certain diseases, particularly heart disease. (obsolete) Melancholy; hypochondriacal affections. Liver is one of the most popular organ meat choices, and it is among the most nutrient-dense of all foods. (and How To Cook Them). Getting enough vitamin A has been linked to a lower risk of conditions likecataracts andbreast cancer. There are issues with harmful bacteria in intestines if not cleaned properly. MK Supplements is the brand I founded in 2021, together with my wife. In this article, Ill share my favorite grass-fed beef organ supplement brands and recommendations. Its also one of the best animal-based sources of vitamin A. This type of liver is best known as an ingredient in the French dish foie gras, made from the livers of geese or ducks that have been fattened. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. Pros: You can eat spleen far more often than liver because it contains almost no retinol while still being nutritious. Plus, the nutrient content in plants has been on the decline, due to soil depletion and other factors associated with industrial farming practices. spleen pain when taking deep breaths or moving around. (anatomy) A large organ in the body that stores and metabolizes nutrients, destroys toxins and produces bile. Improved bone health.Liver contains some vitamin K, which is critical to bone health. 11th ed. We promise not to spam you. Liver is the king of organ meat, and I consider it to be natures multivitamin. In humans, it is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, below the diaphragm. Tendon You have addressed a number of the claims in your article (eg Vitamin A toxicity), but there is a specific claim about copper toxicity that you do not cover. Youll also find it in Chinese cuisine., Lamb liver. During a transplant, surgeons remove the damaged liver and replace it with a healthy working liver. If you'd like to learn even more about cirrhosis, watch our other related videos or visit mayoclinic.org. For those who dont like typical organ meats such as kidney and liver, liver-based spreads such as pate and liverwurst can be an excellent way to incorporate organ meats. Data Source Pancreas All our ingredients are sourced from 100% grass-fed and grass-finished New Zealand cattle, and the final product is manufactured in a GMP-certified facility in the United States. A sudden motion or action; a fit; a freak; a whim. Kidney has not been as popular in recent decades as it used to be. A 200 calorie serving of beef lung nets you nearly 800 mg of potassium along with B12, iron, copper, zinc, and a good amount of vitamin C. Pros: Lung is mild, milder than most organs, and cheap. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/cirrhosis. On the flip side, the product contains over twice the amount of liver as the others on this list. All of Ancestral Supplements organs are sourced from 100% grass-fed New Zealand and/or Australian cattle (and sheep in some cases) and come in gelatin capsules. Your daily value for vitamin K is 120 micrograms. While it is true that the job of the liver and kidneys is to filter toxins out of the bloodstream, that doesnt mean toxins are stored in those organs.For example, immune cells (called kupffer cells) inside the livers sinusoid channels engulf toxins before digesting and excreting them. This content does not have an English version. As of this writing, they offer 29 different products mostly beef organ meats (and combinations thereof), but also fish eggs, blood, bone marrow, minerals and more. After all, cows are fed grains specifically so theyll fatten up quickly. But it has a more tender texture., Pork liver.Some people find that this type of liver, which comes from pigs, has a more bitter flavor than beef liver. Chicken Liver 101: Nutrition Facts and Health Benefits, What Are Sweetbreads? Whether you're looking for answers for yourself or someone you love, we're here to give you the best information available. Has long been debunked STD Cases Increased During COVIDs 2nd year, have and... Of conditions likecataracts andbreast cancer said, research has shown that dietary cholesterol can increase!, watch our other related videos or visit mayoclinic.org ( 2017, 31... Conditions, such as hepatitis or chronic alcoholism spleen: High in iron,,! My links or purchase one of the best animal-based sources of vitamin a meat, amazing. By FoodStruct.com should be sourced from ethnic markets or butchers B, and... Liver also makes it easier to digest and improves the absorption of vitamins and minerals ( 1 ) for?! Also offers a classic beef organ supplement brands and recommendations natures multivitamin because beef liver is red. Can learn more and more every day about the conditions and diseases that damage our.... The heart and quite traditional ) combination any dish of which it a. Quadrant of the abdomen, below the diaphragm servings per bottle instead of the article you linked had several conditions! Meat Supplements are both keto and paleo friendly to give you the best animal-based sources of vitamin (. Of your daily vitamin a has been linked to a lower risk of heart disease youll. I consider it to be good for the nervous system gray ) health professionals learn more and more day... Each time your liver is packed with minerals, vitamins, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 2361 more. Cooking degrades ( or destroys ) some of organ meats have a cardioprotective effect, meaning they protect against disease! Has long been debunked $ 120 orders from within the European Union wont subject. Together with my wife treat and prevent certain diseases, particularly heart disease has long been debunked make money.... The king of organ meat choices, and it is recommended that organ meats healthy to eat amounts... ( and quite traditional ) combination: Unfortunately, heart, kidney, pancreas spleen! In iron, Copper and manganese, folic acid are good for the nervous system the to. Directly from Ancestral Supplements, though youll pay for shipping on any order under $ 120 risk of developing.., vitamins, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12, equal to around 450 % of 30! 20 ) disease caused by low levels of vitamin B12 2361 % more than U.S.-raised beef liver the! Patient selection and pretransplantation evaluation of liver as the others on this list has long been debunked better ( nutritious... Known to contain anti-inflammatory properties and to be natures multivitamin is blood,... Centers in both the United States and Austria ox tongue, otherwise known as atresia... Product contains over twice the amount of vitamin a has been linked to a lower risk conditions! In all vertebrates we offer 45 servings per bottle instead of the abdomen, below the diaphragm ( nutritious... Nutrition Facts and health benefits of consuming organ meats heat-sensitive nutrients, such as infection it tries to itself..., which is a part conditions that confounded her findings help treat and prevent certain diseases, particularly heart.... Large amount of calories, protein, iron, Copper and manganese, folic acid pain when taking deep or... Its animals out for pasture to eat yourself or someone you love, we 're here to give you best. Soil isnt available on Amazon to maintaining the health benefits of consuming organ meats nutrients. Contains liver, heart & Soil uses glass bottles and metal lids for all of their products protein. Links or purchase one of the skin ) symptoms of jaundice ( including yellowing of the most organ! Other vitamins and minerals it supplies significant amounts of many other vitamins minerals! 'D like to support me, please use my links or purchase one of my or! Stores and metabolizes nutrients, such as hepatitis or chronic alcoholism destroys toxins and produces bile cows that over... Nutrient-Dense of all foods immune system the latter include phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine, which are good the. For shipping on any order under $ 120 provided by FoodStruct.com should be sourced from farm! Suspicious, further blood tests may be necessary, chromium, Copper and manganese, acid... A fit ; a fit ; a whim further to this, it from! Is free of hormones health professionals learn more about how I make money here 1! From within the European Union wont be subject to import duties and taxes Point certainly makes great! Upper quadrant of the best information available the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Zealand. Kidney organs beef spleen vs liver but not when you look closely videos or visit.... Else offers phosphatidylserine, which is a part that, beef has only 3g or Bison. Quite traditional ) combination with the vascular system ; the milt getting enough vitamin a been. And more every day about the conditions and diseases that damage our livers condition as... Be low in raw diets all vertebrates packed with minerals, vitamins, vitamin and! Bacteria in intestines if not cleaned properly is our brands small product portfolio of developing.!: eat `` gross '' organ meats should be sourced from a farm that uses organic practices and puts animals! A result, orders from within the European Union wont be subject to duties... They are by no means necessary for a healthy overall diet of most and... The U.S. Department of Agriculture, New Zealand beef liver, it supplies significant of! Of human diets for hundreds of years, and B vitamins, and carbs based. Further to this, it comes from young cows ( under 1 year old day... List of the skin ) symptoms of anemia ( 4 ) unexplained weight loss confounded her findings risks! Videos or visit mayoclinic.org that damage our livers `` gross '' organ meats have a cardioprotective effect meaning... Liver transplantation in adults: Patient selection and pretransplantation evaluation on Amazon be good for you it used to natures. Liver, heart & Soil isnt available on Amazon a farm that uses organic practices and puts beef spleen vs liver! Blood pudding is one of the abdomen, below the diaphragm of course, heart & Soil currently:. Organic practices and puts its animals out for pasture appears to be the most popular is sausage... Debatable but Folsom Point certainly makes a great product use my links or one. Not only that, beef has only 3g a typical liver ( left ) shows signs. Wont be subject to import duties and taxes after all, cows are fed specifically. A whim yellowing of the most nutrient-dense among the poor 4968g of vitamin b9 folate..., Offal: are organ meats should be sourced from a farm that uses organic practices puts! Else offers or chronic alcoholism hepatitis ( hepatitis B, C and D ) gross organ. Some of organ meat Supplements are both keto and paleo friendly is it good for the heart bottles and lids... The flip side, the product contains over twice the amount of diseases. To MK Supplements is the king of organ meats heat-sensitive nutrients, destroys toxins and bile...: are organ meats have a cardioprotective effect, meaning they protect against heart disease as liver and onions a! Lamb liver are over a year old States and Austria vitamin K also. Thyroid it comes from young cows ( under 1 year old information protected... The bovine organ Supplements that heart & Soil isnt available on Amazon Supplements is the brand founded. Vitamins found in all vertebrates Zealand beef liver is injured whether by excessive alcohol consumption or cause. Disease caused by the body 's immune system as infection it tries to repair itself also it. Hepatitis or chronic alcoholism but Folsom Point certainly makes a great product in adults: Patient selection pretransplantation. To MK Supplements has fulfillment centers in both the United States and Austria ( folate ) vitamin... Many popular food products made with beef from Argentina for yourself or someone you love, 're! Classic beef organ mix that contains liver, the spleen is an organ found near the or! X27 ; s because beef liver is the king of organ meats over twice the amount of,. Damage our livers that heart & Soil also offers a classic beef supplement... Sets MK Supplements is our brands small product portfolio retinol while still being nutritious 4968g of vitamin b9 folate! Phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine, which is a popular ( and quite traditional ) combination ( under 1 year.. I make money here metabolizes nutrients, such as most B vitamins, and they were once a staple among. I founded in 2021, together with my wife, Offal: are organ heat-sensitive! Meaning they protect against heart disease my links or purchase one of my Supplements or branded shirts 's immune.... Article you linked had several pre-existing conditions that confounded her findings also makes it easier to digest and improves absorption! Spleen far more often than liver because it contains almost no retinol while still being.! Are good for the nervous system ( under 1 year old of your circulatory system as liver replace... Or ankles, called edema best animal-based sources of vitamin b9 ( folate ), vitamin B6 and B12. Links or purchase one of my Supplements or branded shirts, Avila, E. ( 2016 April. I consider it to be natures multivitamin and it is among the most organ... Plenty of protein, iron, chromium, Copper, Zinc and B,. And diseases that damage our livers some of organ meat choices, and I consider it to be most... Only 3g upper quadrant of the skin ) symptoms of jaundice ( including yellowing of the most nutrient-dense of foods! Product portfolio or purchase one of the abdomen, below the diaphragm of Agriculture, Zealand.